The purpose of this volume is to introduce key developments and results in the area of generalized information theory, a theory that deals with uncertainty-based information within mathematical frameworks that are broader than classical set theory and probability theory. The book offers a valuable resource for readers involved in theoretical research and practical applications from a range of different fields including game theory, operational research, management science, fuzzy mathematical programming, fuzzy mathematics, industrial engineering, business and social economics. Information has become something worth studying in its own right. Technology of the computer age has provided access to information in overwhelming quantity. Colleges give degrees in information science and information management. Information has recently become a commodity, traded and sold like or ange juice or hog bellies. His existence was paradoxical to classical physics and only the realization that information too was a source of power led to his taming. His power comes from know ing which particles are hot and which particles are cold. Information is the food of Maxwell's demon. 16.1.1 Models in Operations Research and Management Science 447 16.1.2 Testing Factual Models 449 16.2 Empirical Research on Membership Functions 453 16.2.1 Type A-Membership Model 454 16.2.2 Type B-Membership Model 456 16.3 Empirical Research on Aggregators 463 16. It changes the course of lives, nations, and history itself. Knowledge about the outcome of an uncertain event gives the possessor an advantage. It reduces our uncertainty in making decisions.
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